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Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group

Our reviews

Respiratory infections are the leading cause of use of general practice services in Australia and in many other countries. Acute respiratory infections are also among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. They are often dealt with sub-optimally and are a leading cause of use and misuse of antibiotic drugs, suggesting deficiencies in the application of research data to inform clinical decisions.

The reviews published by the ARI Group increase the likelihood that research results will be used to improve the quality of care delivered in the field of acute respiratory infections. Please find links to our current published reviews and protocols below. 

 

Full list:

Fluid therapy for pneumonia (protocol stage)
Garlic for the common cold (protocol stage)
Heliox for croup in children (protocol stage)
Steroids for pneumonia (title stage)
Vaccines for the common cold (protocol stage)

By subtopic:

Acute Respiratory Infections Group (146)
Bronchiolitis (13)
Prevention (2)
Respiratory syncytial virus vaccines (0)
Immunoglobulin (2)
Immunoglobulin for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection
Immunoglobulin treatment for respiratory syncytial virus infection
Treatment (11)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children
Inhalation therapy (3)
Heliox inhalation therapy for bronchiolitis in infants (protocol stage)
Nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants (protocol stage)
Steam inhalation or humidified oxygen for acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age (protocol stage)
Ribavirin (1)
Ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants and young children
Bronchodilators (2)
Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis
Epinephrine for bronchiolitis
Other antiviral agents (0)
Immunoglobulin (0)
Steroids (2)
Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children
Inhaled corticosteroids during acute bronchiolitis in the prevention of post-bronchiolitic wheezing
Physiotherapy (1)
Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old
Surfactant therapy (1)
Surfactant therapy for bronchiolitis in critically ill infants
Bronchitis (4)
Acute bronchitis (4)
Prevention (0)
Haemophilus influenzae vaccines (0)
Pneumococcal vaccines (0)
Treatment (3)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for acute bronchitis
Bronchodilators (1)
Beta2-agonists for acute bronchitis
Chinese medicinal herbs (1)
Chinese medicinal herbs for acute bronchitis
Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (1)
Haemophilus influenzae oral whole cell vaccination for preventing acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis (see Airways Group) (0)
Common cold (Coryza) (18)
Prevention (4)
Echinacea (1)
Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold
Garlic (0)
Interferon (0)
Vitamin C (1)
Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold
Antivirals (1)
Antivirals for the common cold
Vaccines (1)
Vaccines for the common cold (protocol stage)
Immunostimulants (0)
Treatment (14)
NSAIDs (1)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the common cold (protocol stage)
Non-antibiotic therapies (6)
Echinacea (1)
Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold
Heated, humidified air (1)
Heated, humidified air for the common cold
Vitamin A (0)
Vitamin C (1)
Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold
Zinc (1)
Zinc for the common cold
Chinese medical herbs (1)
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold
Garlic for the common cold (protocol stage)
Symptomatic therapy (5)
Cough suppressants (1)
Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings
Antipyretics (0)
Antihistamines (2)
Antihistamines for the common cold
Oral antihistamine-decongestant-analgesic combinations for the common cold (protocol stage)
Decongestants (1)
Nasal decongestants for the common cold
Mucolytics (1)
Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho-pulmonary disease (protocol stage)
Specific antimicrobial therapy (2)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis
Interferon (0)
Antivirals (1)
Antivirals for the common cold
Croup (5)
Prevention (0)
Vaccines (0)
Treatment (5)
Adrenergic agonists (1)
Nebulised adrenergic agonists for acute croup (protocol stage)
Adrenergic receptor (1)
Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children (protocol stage)
Antibiotics (0)
Antiviral agents (0)
Inhalation therapy (2)
Heated, humidified air for the common cold
Heliox for croup in children (protocol stage)
Steroids (1)
Glucocorticoids for croup
Diphtheria (0)
Prevention (0)
Vaccines (0)
Treatment (0)
Antibiotics (0)
Epiglottitis (1)
Prevention (1)
Conjugate Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine (1)
Acyclovir for treating varicella in otherwise healthy children and adolescents
Treatment (0)
Antibiotics (0)
Tracheostomy (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Influenza (17)
Prevention (12)
Interferon (0)
Amantadine and rimantadine (2)
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in adults
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in children and the elderly
Neuraminidase inhibitors (2)
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in children
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults
Other interventions (1)
Interventions for the interruption or reduction of the spread of respiratory viruses
Vaccines (6)
Conjugate vaccines for preventing Haemophilus influenzae type B infections
Influenza vaccination for healthcare workers who work with the elderly
Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community and in institutions (protocol stage)
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children
Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly
Homoeopathic Oscillicoccinum (1)
Homoeopathic Oscillococcinum for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like syndromes
Treatment (5)
Antibiotics (0)
Symptomatic therapy (0)
Amantadine and rimantadine (2)
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in adults
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in children and the elderly
Interferon (0)
Other (1)
Homoeopathic Oscillicoccinum (1)
Homoeopathic Oscillococcinum for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like syndromes
Prescribed rest (0)
Neuraminidase inhibitors (1)
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults
Chinese medicinal herbs (1)
Chinese medicinal herbs for influenza
Laryngitis (1)
Treatment (1)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for acute laryngitis in adults
Measles (3)
Prevention (1)
Vaccines (1)
Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children
Vitamin A (0)
Treatment (2)
Antibiotics (0)
Antiviral agents (0)
Chinese medicinal herbs (1)
Chinese medicinal herbs for measles
Symptomatic therapy (0)
Vitamin A (1)
Vitamin A for treating measles in children
Meningitis (8)
Prevention (4)
Vaccines (2)
Meningococcal (2)
Serogroup A (1)
Polysaccharide vaccines for preventing serogroup A meningococcal meningitis
Serogroup B (0)
Serogroup C (1)
Conjugate vaccines for preventing meningococcal C meningitis and septicaemia
Pneumococcal (0)
Haemophilus influenzae (0)
Antibiotics (2)
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures
Antibiotics for preventing meningococcal infections
Treatment (4)
Steroids (1)
Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis
Antibiotics (2)
Pre-admission antibiotics for suspected cases of meningococcal disease
Third generation cephalosporins versus conventional antibiotics for treating acute bacterial meningitis
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (0)
Other treatments (1)
Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis
Otitis media (Middle ear infections) (13)
Acute otitis media without perforation (13)
Prevention (7)
Influenza vaccines (1)
Influenza vaccine for preventing acute otitis media in infants and children (protocol stage)
Pneumococcal vaccines (1)
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media
Haemophilus influenzae vaccines (0)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for the prevention of acute and chronic suppurative otitis media in children
Other interventions (4)
Immunostimulating agents for the prevention of acute otitis media (protocol stage)
Probiotics for the prevention of acute otitis media in children (protocol stage)
Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age (protocol stage)
Zinc supplements for preventing otitis media (protocol stage)
Treatment (6)
Antibiotics versus placebo (2)
Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children
Once or twice daily versus three times daily amoxicillin with or without clavulanate for the treatment of acute otitis media (protocol stage)
Short versus 7-10 day antibiotic course (1)
Short course antibiotics for acute otitis media
Myringotomy (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Symptomatic therapy (2)
Decongestants (1)
Decongestants and antihistamines for acute otitis media in children
Antihistamines (1)
Decongestants and antihistamines for acute otitis media in children
Topical treatments (1)
Topical analgesia for acute otitis media
Recurrent otitis media (0)
Grommets in children (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Long-term antibiotics (0)
Symptomatic therapy (0)
Otitis media with effusion, serous or secretory (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Chronic or suppurative otitis media (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Mastoiditis (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Pertussis (Whooping cough) (3)
Prevention (1)
Vaccines (1)
Acellular (1)
Acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children
Whole cell (0)
Treatment (2)
Antibiotics (1)
Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis)
Cough suppressants (1)
Symptomatic treatment of the cough in whooping cough
Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis (Sore throat) (5)
Prevention (0)
Surgery (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Antibiotics (0)
Treatment (5)
Antibiotics (3)
Antibiotics for sore throat
Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis (protocol stage)
Short versus standard duration antibiotic therapy for acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children (protocol stage)
Antiseptic gargles for pharyngitis (0)
Non-antibiotics (2)
Chinese medicinal herbs for sore throat
Non-antibiotic treatments for sore throat (protocol stage)
Pleural infections (1)
Surgical versus non-surgical management of pleural empyema
Sinusitis (3)
Acute sinusitis (3)
Prevention (0)
Antibiotics (0)
Symptomatic therapy (0)
Surgical interventions (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Treatment (3)
Antibiotics (2)
Antibiotics in adults (1)
Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis
Antibiotics in children (1)
Antibiotics for persistent nasal discharge (rhinosinusitis) in children
Symptomatic therapy (0)
Heated, humidified air (0)
Surgical interventions (see Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Steroids (1)
Steroids for acute sinusitis
Recurrent and chronic sinusitis (see also Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group) (0)
Pneumonia (24)
Other treatments (7)
Amino acid, fat emulsion and energy supplementation for severe pneumonia in the elderly (protocol stage)
Chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in adults (protocol stage)
Fluid therapy for pneumonia (protocol stage)
Nebulised colistin for nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii respiratory tract infection (protocol stage)
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications to reduce cough as an adjunct to antibiotics for acute pneumonia in children and adults
Oxygen therapy for pneumonia in adults (protocol stage)
Quantitative versus qualitative cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (protocol stage)
Prevention (7)
Other (1)
Semi-recumbent position versus supine position for the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia in adults requiring mechanical ventilation (protocol stage)
Pneumococcal vaccines (2)
Conjugate (1)
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia with consolidation on x-ray in children under two years of age
Other vaccines (1)
Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults
Haemophilus influenzae vaccines (0)
Non-typeable (0)
Type B (0)
Antibiotics (2)
Antibiotics for preventing complications in children with measles
Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections
Vitamin C (1)
Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia
Zinc (1)
Zinc supplementation for the prevention of pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months (protocol stage)
Treatment (9)
Antibiotics (7)
Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients
Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children
Antibiotics for ventilator-associated pneumonia (protocol stage)
Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for community acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in adults
Oral antibiotics versus parenteral antibiotics for severe pneumonia in children
Short-course versus long-course antibiotic therapy for non-severe community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months
Symptomatic therapy (1)
Chest x-ray (1)
Chest radiograph in acute respiratory infections
Vitamin A (1)
Vitamin A for non-measles pneumonia in children
Chlamydial pneumonia (0)
Steptocococcal pneumonia (1)
Antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in adults (protocol stage)
Klebsiella pneumoniae (0)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (0)
General Respiratory Tract Infection Systematic Reviews (23)
Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections
Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care
Antibiotics for clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis in adults (protocol stage)
Antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children
Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections
Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB) (protocol stage)
Comparing antibiotics for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (protocol stage)
Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure or continuous positive airway pressure for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children
Delayed antibiotics for respiratory infections
Homeopathic remedies for acute respiratory tract infections in children (protocol stage)
Homeopathic remedies for preventing recurrent acute respiratory tract infections in children (protocol stage)
Honey for acute cough in children (protocol stage)
Immunostimulants for preventing respiratory tract infection in children
Monoclonal antibodies for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection (protocol stage)
Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age (protocol stage)
Pelargonium sidoides extract for acute respiratory tract infections
Positioning for acute respiratory distress in hospitalised infants and children
Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections (protocol stage)
Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department (protocol stage)
Saline nasal irrigation for acute upper respiratory tract infections (protocol stage)
Supplementation with two or more micronutrients versus single micronutrient supplementation or placebo in young children (protocol stage)
Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age
Other Respiratory Tract Infections (4)
Adenovirus infections (0)
Anaerobic infections of the respiratory tract (0)
Coronavirus infections (0)
Herpes simplex infections (0)
Histoplasmosis (0)
Infectious mononucleosis (Glandular fever) (1)
Steroids for symptom control in infectious mononucleosis
Legionnaire's disease (0)
Ornithosis (0)
Parainfluenza infections (0)
Q fever (0)
Rhinovirus infections (0)
Scarlet fever (0)
Torulosis (0)
Varicella infections (Chickenpox ) (2)
Acyclovir (1)
Acyclovir for treating varicella in otherwise healthy children and adolescents
Antivirals (0)
Symptomatic treatment (0)
Vaccines (1)
Vaccines for post-exposure prophylaxis against varicella (chickenpox) in children and adults
SARS (1)
Chinese herbs combined with Western medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
 

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